Duomo di Verona Cathedral of Verona
The Cathedral of Santa Maria Matricolare is the main place of worship Catholics of the city of Verona , a bishopric of ' diocese of the same name .
History
The present structure is located in the place where it was built in the fourth century was probably the work of Bishop Zeno , the first church Christian city. This church had three naves with chancel floor and also had a baptistery . In the fifth century the early church was flanked by a second, the ' Ecclesia Matricularis , bigger and with a narthex , that is the typical structure of the nave basilicas that connected with the outside world; these structures were razed to the ground by the earthquake of 1117 .
The construction of a new cathedral was begun only three years later, in 1120 , and ended in the year 1187 ; September 13 of that year, then, was solemnly consecrated by Pope Urban III. The church, over the centuries, especially in the centuries XVI and XVI , has undergone various alterations, however, do not riguardarono nor his plant, nor its orientation. It dates from the sixteenth century to the present arrangement of the facade, before more low and devoid of rosette and two large mullioned side, while the bell tower , built on the site of the Romanesque , was built between 1915 and 1920 to a design by Ettore Fagiuoli ; however, due to the outbreak of the First World War , was deprived of the spire crowning.
Description
The cathedral is located in the town of Verona , within the loop of the ' Adige .
Outside
The bezel of the main portal
The interior
The main façade overlooking Piazza Duomo , is tripartite, has a pediment and in the center there is a porch with a bottom in white marble and pink, has spiral columns supporting an arch, the sides of which are carved floral motifs, scenes of hunting and figures of saints; the upper part of the vestibule is tuff and presents an arc surmounted by a gable and leaning on two griffins and eight columns. The portal is carved with images of prophets and of animals; the porch side on which stands the bell tower has two rows of columns with capitals-decorated, bas-reliefs and remains of frescoes of the fourteenth century .
Inside [ edit | edit source ]
Assumption of the Virgin by Titian
The current appearance of the interior is due to the changes made ââto the Romanesque church in the fifteenth century : the interior is divided into three aisles by tall pillars, red Verona marble, supporting Gothic arches.
The first three chapels on each side have a unified appearance. The nave of the chapel was completed and was designed by the architect Michele San Micheli . The side chapels are adorned with numerous sculptures and paintings, mostly Renaissance, the most famous is the one with the painting of the ' Assumption of the Virgin ( 1535 ) by Titian , and among others include many artists of Verona.
Inside the cathedral are buried father Antonio Cesari (name of the tip of purism in the history of the Italian language), and Pope Lucius III .
Pipe organs [ edit | edit source ]
In the last span of each of the aisles, on special choirs wood , are two antique pipe organs : the organ Antegnati , right, and the organ Farinati , left, both characterized by a finely carved wooden case with prospects twins, constituted by two lateral cusps 7 of reeds and a central five interspersed with two columns of accordions dead.
The organ was built at the behest of Antegnati Agostino Valier , bishop of Verona from between 1565 and 1606 ; in 1683 , the Bishop Sebastiano Pisani II commissioned the painter Biagio Falcieri the doors, depicting outside the ' Assumption of Mary and the paintings of the balustrade of the choir, the Birth of Mary and the Visitation . The instrument was restored by Barthélemy Formentelli in 1992 .
The organ of the left, however, is coeval with the other regarding the case, but, as regards the phonic material dates back to 1909 and is the work of Domenico Farinati . At the end of the sixteenth century , Happy Brusasorzi he painted the doors with four holy bishops and within the Dormition of Mary and is well outside his painting of the balustrade of the choir, depicting scenes from the Old Testament . The instrument was restored by Giorgio Carli in 1979 .
Inside the main chapel, the choir above the marble to the right is the ' pipe organ Bonato opus 13 , built in 2007 . A electronic transmission , has two keyboards of 61 notes each, and a footswitch 32. Its provision phonic is the following:The bell tower
The lower part of the bell tower is Romanesque, the middle was built in '500 by San Micheli, while the upper part was continued in the twentieth century by the architect Fagiuoli, but has not been concluded. The tower, 75 meters high, has a large set of nine bells tuned to the scale of La2 waning, the merged company Cavadini of Verona in 1931. Often mentioned by European experts campanology as one of the best concerts campanarii existing in the peninsula. It is, data in hand, one of the largest groups in the world can be played in concert; The largest bell weighs 4566 kg and has a diameter of 190 cm mouth. The bells are rung by a team of musicians according to the technique of the concerts of the bells Veronese .
The bell tower is still unfinished. Ancient legend has it that the town its non-fulfillment is due to the desire not to exceed the height of the Lamberti tower , the tallest building town, but in reality, it was simply a temporary abandonment due to lack of funds. They were then developed several projects to finish the tower, but none, so far, has been implemented.