The Postcard
A postally unused carte postale that was published by Lévy Fils et Cie of Paris. The card has a divided back.
Abba Eban
"History teaches us that men and
nations behave wisely when they
have exhausted all other alternatives".
This was said during a speech in London UK on 16th. December 1970 by Abba Eban (1915-2002), an Israeli diplomat and writer.
Visé Paris No. 414
The card bears the imprimatur 'Visé Paris' followed by a unique reference number. This means that the image was inspected and deemed by the military authorities in the French capital not to be a security risk.
'Visé Paris' indicates that the card was published during or soon after the Great War.
Pervijze
Pervijze (French: Pervyse), is a small rural village in the Belgian province of West Flanders, in the municipality of Diksmuide.
During The Great War, Pervijze was situated near the Yser Front, and was flattened.
Two British nurses, Elsie Knocker and Mairi Chisholm, became known as "The Madonnas of Pervyse" in the British press.
Elsie Knocker
Elsie Knocker, later Baroness de T'Serclaes, was a British nurse and ambulance driver in the Great War who, together with her friend Mairi Chisholm, won numerous medals for bravery and for saving the lives of thousands of soldiers on the Western Front in Belgium. The two friends were among the most photographed women of the war.
Elsie Knocker - The Early Years
Elsie was born Elizabeth Blackall Shapter in Exeter on the 29th. July 1884, the youngest of five children to Dr. Thomas Lewis and Charlotte Shapter (née Bayly).
During her childhood she picked up the nickname, "Elsie". She was orphaned at an early age. Her mother died when she was four years old, and her father died from tuberculosis two years later. She was subsequently adopted by Lewis Edward Upcott, a teacher at Marlborough College, and his wife Emily who sent her to be educated at St. Nicholas's, Folkestone, and then at the exclusive Château Lutry in Switzerland.
Hospital Service and First Marriage
After training at the Children's Hip Hospital at Sevenoaks, she married Leslie Duke Knocker in 1906, with whom she had a son, Kenneth Duke, a year later.
However the marriage failed, and soon after she was divorced, she began training as a midwife at Queen Charlotte's Hospital. Since being divorced was a status frowned upon in Edwardian England, Knocker invented the myth that her husband had died in Java, leaving her a widow.
Being a divorcee/widow and single mother, however, hardly kept Knocker away from her passions. Elsie became an ardent amateur motorbike enthusiast, and when riding she wore a dark green leather skirt and long leather coat buttoned all the way down with a belt "to keep it all together" designed by Dunhill.
Elsie earned the name "Gypsy" because of her love of the open road and membership of the Gypsy Motorcycle Club. She possessed a number of motorbikes including a Scott, a Douglas solo, and a Chater-Lea with a sidecar which would travel with her to the Western Front.
The Great War
When war was declared in 1914, Knocker wrote to her friend and fellow motorcycle fanatic, Mairi Chisholm, that there was "work to be done", and suggested that they go to London to become dispatch riders for the Women's Emergency Corps.
When Chisholm was chosen to join Hector Munro's Flying Ambulance Corps she was able to convince Munro to accept Knocker as well, as she had some training as a nurse, was an excellent mechanic and chauffeur, and spoke both French and German.
This meant that Knocker had to cancel "a ladies stiff reliability trial with plenty of hairpin bends" over 120 miles of Hampshire and Dorset countryside. The day before she was due to ship out she wrote in her diary:
"This time tomorrow night I shall
be in Belgium… in the midst of all
the terrors of war."
War Service, 1914–1915
In the early evening of the 25th. September 1914, Knocker, Chisholm and the other volunteers followed Dr. Munro down the gang-plank of the S.S. Princess Clementine at Ostend, West Flanders.
Whilst visiting the town of Nazareth (8 miles south-west of Ghent where the corps was initially quartered) Knocker saw the aftermath of a massacre when she came across 26 Belgian military policemen who had been shot and mutilated by the Germans.
At the end of October, the corps relocated to Furnes in unoccupied Belgium, near Dunkirk, where the women worked tirelessly picking up wounded soldiers mid-way from the front and bringing them back to their field hospital at the rear.
However Knocker and Chisholm soon came to the conclusion that they could save more lives by treating the wounded directly on the front lines.
In November 1914, the two decided to leave the corps, and set up their own dressing station in Pervyse, north of Ypres, just one hundred yards from the trenches.
Here, in a vacant cellar which they named the "Poste de Secours Anglais," the two spent the next three and a half years aiding the wounded in the Belgian sector.
Knocker gave most of the medical attention, while Chisholm transported the injured, often in terrible conditions and under fire, to a base hospital 15 miles away.
As they were no longer affiliated with the Belgian Red Cross, they were forced to raise their own funds. With donations they arranged for the cellar to be reinforced with concrete, and had a steel door fitted, supplied by Harrods.
Through sheer perseverance Knocker was able to arrange for the two of them to be officially seconded to the Belgian garrison stationed there. Equipped with cameras, both women photographed not only each other but also much of the suffering around them.
In January 1915, they were rewarded for their courageous work on the front lines when they were both decorated by King Albert I of Belgium with the Order of Léopold II, Knights Cross (with palm).
Elsie Knocker's Second Marriage
In January 1916 Knocker married again, this time to Baron Harold de T'Serclaes, a pilot in Belgian Flying Corps. The newly formed Baroness wrote of her marriage:
"So much of me went into my work that I suppose I was easily swept along on a tide of glamour and welcome frivolity. Perhaps I had a desire just to drift for once, not to struggle. It was pleasant to imagine that all would turn out well, and after fifteen months' risking my life at the Front, marriage seemed a comparatively small risk to take.
I did want someone to take some of the burden off my shoulders, and thought how good it would be for Kenneth to have a father. After a lightning honeymoon we hardly saw one another again. I was too busy at Pervyse, and my husband had to return to his squadron".
War Service, 1916–1918
Knocker and Chisholm were engaged in multiple battlefield rescues, even carrying fallen men on their backs to their first-aid station.
After she and Chisholm rescued a wounded German pilot in No Man's Land, both women were awarded the British Military Medal, and were made Officers of the Most Venerable Order of St. John of Jerusalem. Fellow corps volunteer May Sinclair said of Knocker:
"She had an irresistible inclination
towards the greatest possible
danger."
As word spread of their deeds, they began to receive visits from journalists, photographers and VIP's. Both women were gassed during the German offensive in March 1918 and had to return home.
The Inter-War Period
By 1919, Knocker's marriage to the Baron had unraveled when both he and the Roman Catholic Church discovered the truth about her previous marriage.
For Chisholm, this deception ended their friendship. The two barely spoke again. As part of the settlement Knocker was allowed to remain a Baroness in name only.
World War II
In 1939, at the outbreak of World War II, the Baroness joined the Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF) as an Aircraftwoman 2nd. class, becoming an officer in February 1940. Working with RAF Fighter Command, she rose to the rank of Squadron Officer in March 1942, and was twice Mentioned in Despatches.
Tragedy struck on the 3rd. July 1942 with the death of her son, Wing Commander Kenneth Duke Knocker, who was killed when his plane was shot down over Groningen. Elsie left the RAF in October 1942 following her son's death and because she needed to look after her elderly foster-father.
Elsie Knocker in Later Life
After the Second World War the Baroness participated in raising funds for the RAF Association and the Benevolent Fund.
Elsie lived in the Earl Haig Homes in Park Lane, Ashtead, Surrey from approximately 1926 until her death. There she had a detached house on the edge of the estate, reached by a flight of steps from Park Lane, and called ‘Pervyse’.
Later in life she began breeding Chihuahuas and was always accompanied by three or four of them. She was greatly concerned about the welfare of both animals and the conservation of Ashtead Common where she could often be seen walking her pets, flamboyantly dressed with large earrings and a voluminous dark cloak.
On the 26th. April 1978 Elsie died aged 93 of pneumonia and senile dementia. She had never married again.
